What is meant by "landmark navigation"?

Landmark navigation refers to the practice of using visible landmarks to determine one's position or direction while at sea or during travel. This method is often utilized in coastal navigation, where distinctive geographical features, such as mountains, buildings, or other notable structures, serve as reference points for a navigator. By recognizing and referencing these physical features, mariners can more accurately assess their location and adjust their course accordingly.

This approach relies heavily on the ability to see and identify landmarks clearly and can be particularly effective in familiar waters where these features are well-known. Using landmarks is also essential in situations where other forms of navigation, such as celestial navigation, might not be feasible due to weather conditions or the time of day.

In contrast, the other options involve different types of navigation methods. Using stars for navigation relates to celestial navigation, where navigators rely on astronomical bodies. Navigating by electronic devices pertains to modern technological aids like GPS, which do not require visible landmarks. Measuring distances with a compass deals with directional navigation based on magnetic bearings rather than visual references. Therefore, landmark navigation is specifically centered on the use of identifiable and visible physical features to aid in navigation.