What does the term "beacon" refer to in maritime navigation?

The term "beacon" in maritime navigation refers specifically to a fixed navigational aid that emits light or sound signals to assist in guiding vessels. Beacons are strategically placed in various locations such as shorelines, harbors, or navigational channels to mark hazards, indicate safe passages, or provide positional information to mariners. Their primary purpose is to enhance safety at sea by ensuring vessels can identify their location and navigate safely, especially during poor visibility conditions like fog or nighttime.

The other choices do not accurately define what a beacon is in the context of maritime navigation. A mobile device for emergency signaling refers to equipment like distress beacons, rather than a fixed navigational aid. Communication between vessels is typically conducted via radio or signal codes and not through a beacon. Navigational charts are graphical representations of maritime areas and adjacent coastal regions, providing information about sea routes, depths, and navigational aids but are distinct from the function and definition of a beacon.