What does "latitude" measure in navigation?

Latitude measures the distance north or south of the equator, which is an important concept in navigation. It is expressed in degrees, with the equator designated as 0 degrees latitude, extending to 90 degrees at the poles. This measurement is crucial for determining a vessel's position on the Earth's surface and is used alongside longitude, which measures east or west of the Prime Meridian.

Latitude is essential for several navigational tasks, including charting a course and ensuring that a vessel remains on its intended path. Understanding how latitude works allows navigators to plot their location accurately, which is vital for safe and efficient travel over water.